IC engines: chemical energy to work via internal energy –
unfortunately not all chemical energy converted to useful work.
l Material balances: pollutants production per unit fuel.
l Heat of reaction: pollutant production per unit energy released.
l 1stLaw (energy balance): energy split between work, heat etc.
l 2nd Law of Thermodynamics: nothing can be 100% efficient.
l Thermodynamic efficiency: this is the maximum – does not
include other inefficiencies.
l Heat transfer: driven by DT - important issue.
l Fuel storage: fuel phase and phase behaviour – important issue
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